Original Scientific Article The spread of duck hepatitis virus (DHV) in Egypt with its’ most prevalent genotypes (1 and 3) causes vast economic losses in the duck industry despite the regular vaccination with live attenuated vaccines. However, the use of live-vaccines is considered a potential risk for the non-vaccinated birds due to the viral shedding from vaccinated populations. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy and safety of two inactivated monovalent and one bivalent vaccines against DHV 1 and 3 genotypes. The inactivated monovalent (DHAV-1, DHAV-3) and bivalent (DHAV-1+3) vaccines were produced by using Montanide ISA 70 oil as an adjuvant. Three groups of 4-week-old ducklings (n=50) were vaccinated with one of the three vaccines, respectively. One group of ducklings was used as negative control (n=25). The immune-response of the vaccinated groups was measured by Virus Neutralization Test and expressed with Neutralizing Indices (NIs). The NIs for the bivalent vaccine group (5.6 and 5.4) were higher compared to the monovalent vaccine groups (5.0 and 4.7). In conclusion, the use of inactivated bivalent DHV vaccine could produce higher protective efficacy compared to the monovalent DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 vaccines. https://macvetrev.mk/LoadArticlePdf/378 2024-03-15 5 11 10.2478/macvetrev-2024-0010 DHAV genotype 1 DHAV genotype 3 duck hepatitis virus type I (DHAV) inactivated duck hepatitis vaccine Neutralization index (NI) Dalia M. Omar false 1 Inactivated Viral Poultry Vaccine Department (IVPVD), Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo 11381, Egypt AUTHOR Mohamed A. Abdrabo false 2 Inactivated Viral Poultry Vaccine Department (IVPVD), Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo 11381, Egypt AUTHOR Nermin M. Monir false 3 Inactivated Viral Poultry Vaccine Department (IVPVD), Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo 11381, Egypt AUTHOR Nermeen A. Marden nermeen.marden@gmail.com false 4 Inactivated Viral Poultry Vaccine Department (IVPVD), Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo 11381, Egypt LEAD_AUTHOR Heba M.G. Abdelaziz false 5 Inactivated Viral Poultry Vaccine Department (IVPVD), Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo 11381, Egypt AUTHOR Walaa A. ElSayed false 6 Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo, 11381, Egypt AUTHOR Nahed Yehia false 7 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control of Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt AUTHOR Sabry E. Omar false 8 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control of Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt AUTHOR Ahmed M. Erfan false 9 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control of Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt AUTHOR Abdel Satar Arafa false 10 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control of Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt AUTHOR Momtaz A. 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